In innovation processes play an important role are two types of uncertainty: uncertainty of goals and uncertainty of available resources. In mathematical language uncertainty of goals is usually described as a representation of the target function with random parameters (or a representation of the target as a random variable). The available resources are usually described by a set of valid values. Uncertainty of the resources in this case must be described by a random set.

When dealing with many applications, be aware of the statistical relationship between the individual uncertainties. From the information point of view, this relationship is determined by a change in the entropy of each factor as a result of their mutual influence on each other.

Properties of the entropy generated by the random variables, by now fairly well-known (see [1,2] and others). Application of entropy of random variables to study the uncertainty of economic processes is contained, for example, in [3,4].

However, the uncertainty generated by the random point-set maps, studied far less. At the same time, this type of uncertainty from the applied point of view is not less important.

This article describes the method proposed by the authors study the uncertainty generated by the random point-set mappings, i.e. uncertainty of available resources. The main tool in the proposed method is a function of the entropy of the random set, which generalizes the notion of entropy of a random variable. On the basis of the entropy function is determined by the function of information link of random sets and all other features.

It is given a description of a mathematical approach to distribution of limited resource of social economic contents between people groups, which are under different conditions, in  the case when it takes place during several stages separated by time intervals. This approach is based on (worked out earlier) the mathematical algorithm of a single distribution of limited  social significant resource in justice principles in the presence of two-level scale: a rating of consumers (people groups) and   a numerical scale  reflecting size of their needs. It is given a numerical realization of this algorithm as an example of the solution of the management problem by collective investment of long-term construction of an immovable object, when investors pay money in a building firm by stages. Moreover, in connection with money contents of the resource it is presented a  mathematical model of “rational” interaction of investors both inside every group, and between groups for the sole of time investment of the building firm at every stage of financing. It is adduced a numerical illustration of this model at the same example.

The level of competitiveness of the Russian pharmaceutical industry is extremely low. The national pharmaceutical industry development is one of the priorities in the Government activity because it is connected with contemporaryrequirements of the economy of innovations, improves our people’s well-being and protects the inner market consumers. The strategy of the Russian pharmaceutical industry development up to 2020 which was adopted in 2009 and aimed to development of innovation in the industry failed. The article focuses on the different factors that determine possibilities for the local branded pharmaceutical business in Russia. It is the main issue of being competitive for the Russian pharmaceutical industry in the future.

The paper deals with problems of application of the concept of real options as the new innovative method of assessing the economic effectiveness of investment projects in industry sector. Critical review of works of foreign and Russian researchers is given. The author's approach to assessing the effectiveness of innovative projects in the industry sector with the introduction of the real options method is proposed and tested. The author's step-by-step algorithm of evaluation is described. Proposed methodology is tested on real innovative project, implemented in the Russian Federation and financed by the venture capital fund. The paper demonstrates that the value of the compound call option increases the overall value of the project due to the factor of staged investment and a possibility to stop financing, that is, due to a higher flexibility in making managerial decisions. The efficiency of using the real options method when applied to the evaluation of the effectiveness of innovative projects by a venture capital investor is shown. In general, the use of the real options method extends the tools used by the venture capital investor in making decisions on project investments.

Monetary integration process in East Asia represents concerns of countries of the region with the issue of popularization of national currencies and is the result of Asian countries strengthened positions on the world arena. The article deals with the practicability of monetary integration and forming currency area in East Asia by accessing its compliance with optimum currency area criteria and the Maastricht convergence criteria. It is concluded that despite the whole region is not an optimum currency area, there is a group of countries that are highly converged and can become the core of regional monetary integration in the future.

In this paper the problem of exchange rates forecast is logically considered a) traditionally as a task of forecast on the base of “stand-alone” equations of autoregression for each currency pair and b) as a result of forecast correction of autoregression equations system on the base of boundary conditions of balance ratios systems.

As a criterion for quality of forecast constructed with empirical models we take the sum of deficiency quadrates of forecasts estimated for deductive currency pairs. Practical approval confirmed that deductive models meet common requirements, provide accepted precision, show resistance to initial data and are free from series of deficiency of one index. However, extreme forecast errors tell that practical application of the approach offered needs further improvement.

The article presents a comparative analysis of residential mortgages in Russia and the United States. The primary ways of mortgage refinancing are outlined. Predominance of the elements of two-level refinancing system of residential mortgage in Russia and the United States is shown. The activity of the Agency for Housing Mortgage Lending (AHML), the basic tool of the Russian government’s mortgage policy, is described in detail. In its objectives and functions the AHML is similar to the American mortgage agencies Ginnie Mae, Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. Similarities were identified in the Russian and US residential mortgages in the pre-crisis period (high rates of mortgage growth, favourable economic conjuncture, low interest rates, large increase in house prices, speculative housing demand). During the mortgage crisis, the policies of the Russian and US governments and monetary authorities had also much in common (monetary policy easing, cheap central banks loans, extended facilities of mortgage refinancing on the part of state agencies, mortgage rescue scheme, social mortgage programs). But the scope of mortgage in Russia is enormously narrow as compared to the US mortgage. The most important reason for that - low incomes of the Russian population.

This article introduces the key problems of social-economic development of Tomsk region and factors that influence economic growth in highly resource-dependent region. Authors prove the advisability of using cognitive approach for investigation and forecasting of social-economic system development in conditions of uncertainty. Also results of simulation are given medium-term forecast. They are interpreted by means of fuzzy cognitive map. Obtained results, on the one hand, confirm the theoretical considerations about the need of convergence between various factors in the regional development strategy. On the other hand, it’s revealed the need to build a normative model, showing what the regional economy should be. This will allow to conceive more clearly the direction of movement from the modern position to desired one and to determine required contours of the economic policy.

In article features of natural and medical potential, social and economic development of the Southern Federal District which are the main for development of medical and improving tourism are considered. The district borrows favorable natural and the economical geographical position influencing development of sanatorium activity. Positive dynamics of development of the market of sanatorium services of the Southern Federal District is based on the rich natural and medical capacity of the district, historical and social and economic features of development of this kind of activity in this region. Social and economic resources form possibility of development of the market of medical and improving and recreational services as such indicators of the population as mortality, birth rate and a natural increase, indicators of incidence of the population, its income and expenses have direct impact on formation of demand of the population on sanatorium services.

The article deals with the methods of selecting the best type of fixed assets (real investment). Explore the current situation where the investor has to compare the different-parametrical alternatives (DPA). The DPA are the fixed assets which have similar functions, but different in price, durability and periodic effects. In the general case the DPA are the investment projects which have different amounts of investment, accounting periods and net cash flow. Net present value (NPV) and internal rate of return (IRR) are criticized. The author describes his indicator "speed index of unit value increase" (IS). The author proves on numerical examples that the economy, the subjects of which use IS instead of NPV and IRR, has accelerated the pace of development.

The article describes the example of successful application of organization development methods as a form of public-private management of educational institutions. The objective of the research was the approbation of methodology for diagnosing and changing organizational culture at Educational Center ‘Gornostay’ for maximizing the effectiveness of a cultural integration process of merged educational organizations. The practical relevance of the research is determined by the application of a modern management tool in the area of public school administration. The research is based on Cameron’s and Quinn’s sociological methodology, and the result of its application showed the difference between the current and desired state of organizational culture that made it possible to propose the steps for moving from the situation ‘as it is’ to the situation ‘as it should be’. The transition from existing functional structure to matrix structure was recommended as the problem solution.

The coordination of strategic and tactical plans of industrial enterprises with their operating strategies significantly improves the production efficiency. The paper presents a methodological approach to the coordination of strategic and operational management for mass production of complex products with long production cycles based on the combination of optimization problems volume schedules, operational calendar and network planning.

Usually for planning such productions is a network planning. However, finding the critical path does not solve the problem. When in network planning are resource limitations, there is a task for which there is still no efficient algorithm for its solution. Therefore, proposed the following task to solve by using a model that combines network and efficient scheduling. While approximately solved and the problem of accounting for the duration of works (operations) is not in integer units of time, and in the actual values. In General presents an original model of development plans for the production of complex products with a long process with regard to the approval of finished products and schedules production of parts, components products.

The article proceeds a series of publications according to the concept of system-innovation bibliometriс analysis and mapping of economic literature (SIBAMEL) (created by Department of Economics of the National Research University - Novosibirsk State University and the Institute of Economics and Industrial Engineering of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences).  The new directions of research on economics that emerged in 2006—2013 are in the paper core. These new directions appeared on the intersections of the 10 micro fields that are the parts of the subject field Q5 Environmental Economics and all the rest micro fields that are included in the JEL classification. We were able to identify, to analyze, and to represent with different detailing 1982 intersections that contain one or more publications. As well as we suggest and illustrate two ways to accelerate the analysis of new research directions: 1) to use cubic representation of subject codes in addition to matrix; 2) to use a priory new subject fields (for instance C45 Neural Networks and Related Topics and D87Neuroeconomics).

The paper presents a brief biographical information about prominent Russian statistics, Professor of Novosibirsk State University Ivan P. Suslov. We show his role in the development and application of active learning methods. Emphasis is placed on fundamental work "Bases of the theoryof reliability of statistical indicators”.We present the results of the bibliometric analysis of this book. This analysis is based on data from the EconLit with the position of keywords and JEL subject areas. The authors of the paper try to show thatSuslov’s works showed the way to the problems of the XXI century, as well as possible ways to solve them.