In this work we considered the trajectories of change in indicators characterizing the status of economics and power industry: gross regional product, electric power consumption, industrial production, energy prices and costs of delivering electric power to consumers in Russian regions for the last 10 years.  Low global commodity prices and sanctions led to a sharp decrease of equipment import, which resulted in an acute problem of import substitution. The level of tariffs of natural monopolies is of great importance for industrial development. The goal of this work was to analyze possibilities for reducing electric power prices by changing the institutional and economic conditions of management. We analyzed not only the official information from Rosstat, but also government regulations, figures given in the official government publication “the Rossiyskaya Gazeta” as well as articles and interviews on economic problems of the electric power industry over the recent years published in “the Kommersant” newspaper.

High tariffs of network marketing companies for electric energy transmission, state regulation of heating prices, financing the construction of new capacities by charging the payment in power provision contracts, high price of electric power of nuclear power plants lead to an annual increase in electric power prices for end users. In this work we considered possible solutions to limit the growth of electric power prices.

The purpose of this article is to consider the possible mechanism of enterprise risk management from macroeconomic perspective. The need for investment risk management from the standpoint of the economy as a whole is determined by the following circumstances. Financial market conditions affecting the investment decisions of companies raises the financial markets in the category of the main sources of investment resources. This creates a state's interest in the effect on these sources, but it doesn't have effective ways to influence the investors’ decisions. Transition of regulator from influencing the cash flows to the regulation of investment activity creates a new paradigm for the financial management of the economy, which is based on a well-known fact that in the global economy the demand for goods and services is presented as a demand, mediated by investment decisions.

The motives and mechanisms of investment decisions in a closed economy are well described by modern financial theory. In financial theory a mechanism of financial risk management is developed primarily from the standpoint of an investor, ignoring the problem in a broader context - within whole financial market of a country.

Expanding the area of investment decisions international financial markets generate a need for new approaches to study of investment risks of corporations, which in this field are connected with country risk and should be considered as an object of state regulation.

An analysis of fundamentals of the financial theory about the behavior of the investor, the state and the role of global financial markets in the choice of investors reveals that investment motives of corporations and mechanisms of regulators' influence on the cash flow are loosely bound in the matter of the volume of investments, which ones agree to implement, while others expect to receive.

In our view, there is a need for a mechanism allowing the state to influence the investment decisions by controlling the country risk on the basis of national interests and the state of financial markets to mobilize the necessary investments in the different sectors of the economy.

A large number of research papers on relation between currency risk and firms’ value have been published during last several decades. Researches acknowledged that currency risk could be a pricing factor. In this paper we investigate the historical development of models within the pricing theory. Also, we come to conclusion that dynamic, conditional and international asset pricing models were considered among the best for identifying the impact of exchange rate risk in developed and emerging markets.

There is certain specific in currency exposure research.  In this paper we considered different methodological aspects for identifying the impact of exchange rate and mentioned details of empirical analysis in emerging markets.

Most of European countries have policies aiming on improving fertility rates in these countries. The main purpose of this article is to compare the efficiency of these policies in different countries, with the focus on the parental leave as the major part in the cash inflow to the household related to childbearing and its effect on fertility. Differences in the history of these countries in the twentieth century, their choice between socialism and capitalism during the Cold War was also taken into account. The direct effect of this choice on the fertility was estimated.

At the present stage of formation of innovative economy professional development of the employee becomes a point of refraction of the interests of the company, Corporation in which they operate, and the employee. The article considers the relationship of the concept of formation of human resources and corporate training, which is often seen as something separate, organized exclusively for the benefit of the business. The definition of corporate training, task lists, structure, advantages and disadvantages. Examples of systems of corporate training at Omsk enterprises, basic (corporate) departments, corporate universities, and resource centers. Considered in detail the interaction between enterprises and educational institutions. Statistics of participation of Omsk universities in the system of additional education, collected by the author. Attention is paid to the importance that corporate training and its individual methods, such as "learning by doing", has in the modern innovation economy. The result of the study is the inclusion of corporate training as one of the key elements of the modern formation of human resources.

The article deals with the phenomenon called «rent». In the research authors have obtained scientific knowledge in three directions. The first new scientific result is based on the fundamental scientific fact: «All products in the competitive market are sold at a price equilibrium. Therefore, if the seller can sell goods cheaper than the equilibrium price, they extract rents as super-profits: entrepreneur or monopoly rents (including natural, mining, as well as patent, license, author)». Note that the term «entrepreneur rent» was introduced into scientific discourse for the first time in this article. The second new scientific result is based on the fundamental scientific fact: «the right of ownership includes three powers: the right of ownership, the right of use, the right of disposal». The right of possession and temporary use can be sold separately, which allows to extract the lease rent. Important fact is that rental contracts as rents (between a landlord and a tenant)  employ the concept of «time»! Note that such an understanding of rent is formalized in the Civil Code. The third new scientific result is based on the fundamental scientific fact: «any administrative (governmental) service can be carried out: (a) strictly according to instructions, or (b) initiatively, inventively, with a focus on the customer, especially if it is accompanied by a personal benefit of the service provider. The difference between formal and creative execution of duties constitutes «an increase» (discretion) to the result of the administrative acts. Corrupt official can sell this “increase”, extracting discretionary (corrupt) rent».

The article presents the formulations of the scientific facts mentioned above, the concept of «rent» formulations, relevant to these facts, as well as studies, formulas, illustrations of the identified theoretical ideas and practical examples of their manifestations.

In the article the conceptual apparatus of competition is considered. Scientific theoretical and methodological concepts of the nature and characteristics of the essence of competition were generalized. Considered the basic historical trends in the definition of this concept, including classical, neoclassical, Marxist, and other institutional directions, examined the prerequisites and conditions of the phenomenon, the consequences for the economic environment. Based on the analysis of the essence of competition we summarize the main features of them, the basic form of their manifestation. Reviewed modern approaches to the measurement of the level of competition, identified their main features and disadvantages of each approach formed. Defined performance level of competition, given their characteristics, highlighted the main advantages and disadvantages of the application. Labeled promising area of research in assessing the level of competition, allowing to display the process of competition of economic agents and the main results of their competition to a greater degree.

The relations between the financial statements’ figures of the complex of refining companies – the core of Russian refining industry from 2006 to 2013 – were analyzed using component and regression analysis from the standpoint of the effectiveness of their activities during the modernization period. Through the component analysis the main factors that influenced the final financial results of the enterprises during the given period were determined. Regression models of panel data with fixed and random effects were made for 19 enterprises. Regression analysis revealed no statistically significant dependencies of the efficiency (profitability) on the production scale (enterprise revenue). The dynamics of certain types of expenses were analyzed in order to explain the differences in the profitability dynamics. It revealed virtually no difference in the values of the individual effects of enterprises in different areas of specialization (profile).

Import substitution is considered to be the most promising source of development of the Russian economy. However, the regional aspects of implementation remain at the periphery of research policy of import substitution. The aim of the work was to evaluate the capacity and efficiency of the instruments of regional industrial policy implementation in the context of import substitution through the example of the Novosibirsk region. This article presents the results of studies based on statistical analysis of the structure and dynamics of regional trade of the Novosibirsk region. It made an attempt to evaluate the possibility of the development of domestic production of analogues of imported products through the use of existing industrial capacities of the region. Based on the comparison of the results of analysis of foreign trade and regional industry opportunities the most perspective directions of development were identified. Review of Industrial Policy of the Novosibirsk region, based on the analysis of the current regulatory framework, revealed the inefficient and costly industry support tools currently in use. Based on these results possible solutions were suggested to correct the existing industrial policy and improve its efficiency.

The paper presents the results of a comparative analysis of certain macroeconomic indicators of Tadjikistan’s economy in comparison with other post-Soviet countries and especially the immediate neighbors. In the study we explained the reasons for the high growth rates of production and consumption in the period from 2001 to 2014. Considered are specifics of internal and external factors of the growth, the most important of which was the labor export from Tadjikistan to Russia, and the reasons for extremely low formal GDP per capita and final consumption with the sectoral structure of the republic’s economy being the key factor. The use of the formal statistical indicators for comparative cross-country estimation of the real levels of production and consumption are proved incorrect.