In transition to sustainable development, the development of new approaches to changing the content and methods for assessment of social effects becomes still more crucial. Over the past decades, there has been a rapid growth of research and publications in this direction. In a number of countries, non-financial reporting has become mandatory at legislative level so far. However, problems with the consistency of terminology in general, as well as conceptual differences between concepts formulated in foreign and Russian literature, remain unresolved, making it difficult to obtain and share knowledge in this area of research. In the paper, we classify approaches to the definitions of social effects, which helps us to have a clear vision of this concept and, therefore, understand the evaluation methods used in assessing the consequences of programs and projects. In particular, the differences in the formulation of the concept in foreign and Russian literature are examined. The paper also discusses a number of methods widely used for assessing social impacts, dividing them into assessment methods (cost-benefit analysis, cost-benefit analysis, cost-utility analysis, social return on investment) and evaluation methods (macroeconomic and microeconomic). As a result of the work, a systematization of conceptual approaches to the formulation of social effects can be highlighted.

The work conducts a study of growth factors and the reasons for the uneven development of the federal districts of the Russian Federation in the period 20082021, which includes a retrospective analysis of the structures of the main macroeconomic indicators by region, decomposition of GRP growth in current prices for components, which, in turn, also differentiated by factors, «shift-share» analysis and distribution of the country’s GRP growth by federal districts and industries.

As a spatial section, the Central Federal District, Northwestern Federal District, Southern Federal District, North Caucasian Federal District, Volga Federal District and Ural Federal District without the Tyumen region, forming the European part of the Russian Federation, and the Tyumen region, Siberian Federal District and Far Eastern Federal District, forming the Asian part of the Russian Federation, are used. To obtain more detailed results, the study is carried out for the periods 2008–2015, 2015–2019. and 20192021. The work shows the change in the trend of spatial development of the Russian economy in the period 20192021. If for 2008–2015 and 2015–2019. There is rapid growth in the Asian part of the Russian Federation, then for 20192021. the growth in real GRP of the western regions is 5 times higher than the corresponding figure in Asia, which is commensurate with the disproportions in labor productivity growth. In addition, for 2008–2015 and 2015–2019. the contribution of the Asian part of the Russian Federation to the economic growth of the country is approximately 30 %, while for 20192021. there is a reduction of up to 7 %, caused by a decrease in mining volumes.

At present, the formation of Centers of Excellence and their provision of scientific-technological and industrial security of the country at different historical stages is becoming increasingly important. There arises the problem of analyzing the experience of forming Centers of Excellence and finding ways to disseminate it in modern realities in order to develop an effective state mechanism for the creation and development of Centers of Excellence based on the use of the “triadic contexts” approach. The methodological basis of the research is the principle of triads. The methods of induction, deduction, analysis and synthesis, observation, comparison, systematization, description, empirical, as well as evolutionary, systemic and historical-logical approaches to analysis were used. The information basis of the work was formed by publications indexed in the international databases Web of Science Core Collection and Scopus. As a result of the study, effective mechanisms and tools for forming and stimulating the development of Centers of Excellence have been identified and characterized for the period from 1920 to the present day, and their evolution based on the application of triune contexts has been presented. The analysis has shown that it is advisable to take into account the experience of the USSR when developing the mechanism and selecting tools for the formation of Centers of Excellence in modern Russia.

Due to the large volume of supply on the EdTech market and the undeveloped culture of choosing online courses, platforms are emerging in the Internet space that aggregate information about online products, and thereby help the user with the choice. Such aggregators are not without drawbacks: they offer ready-made ratings, but with an incomprehensible ranking methodology; they recommend comparing or ranking courses based on a small set of characteristics; they provide unreliable information about online educational products. This work demonstrates the model of ranking online courses for users developed by the authors, the advantages of which are transparency of the toolkit, an expanded set of characteristics, as well as a personal approach to each user. The practical significance of the work lies in the fact that the methodology, if used by an online course aggregator, will help users make more rational decisions when choosing educational products.

This article is aimed at their comparison of standard Ridge model based on default MSE evaluation of optimal lambda value with Baessyan criteria. Goal is to test adapted Ridge model on highly correlated data. Proposed method, unlike default one, has another advantage aside from conventional factors importance assessment – it give the way for p-value evaluation based on these Ridge coefficients. Those method gives a chance to tune parameters more deeply. In this case, there is a multidimensional sample in which it is necessary to filter out the least significant factors. At the same time, the data is characterized by homogeneity and various types of outliers. This justifies the choice of the specified methods. Data is based on the poll conducted among the population of the Russian Federation under the guidance of Higher School of Economics.

Introduction. The incentive-based personnel management system is generally recognized and widespread, but has a number of disadvantages, in particular, it creates the ground for conflicts in teams, requires an effective control apparatus and, most importantly, does not contribute to the disclosure of the creative potential of employees. The author observed examples of the organization of effective work of collectives, mainly creative ones, without the use of incentive tools (rewards or punishments), moreover, attempts to use incentives in such collectives led to a decrease in their effectiveness. Goal. The purpose of the study was to formulate and investigate a model of personnel management without the use of incentive tools, called motivational, as well as to interpret the results of observations of industrial practice from the standpoint of this model. Materials and methods. The research method consisted in the author’s critical understanding of personal industrial experience, correlating it with the available literature data in the field of industrial psychology and personnel management. Results. As a result of the research, the postulates of the motivational model of personnel management are formulated, its features, advantages and disadvantages are analyzed in comparison with the incentive-based management model. Examples from production practice are considered and their assessment is given from the point of view of two models. Conclusions. The author came to the conclusion about the possibility and expediency of personnel management without the use of incentives and the inevitability of switching to a motivational management model as more effective and humanistic. The article may be of interest to the heads of labor collectives.

The paper examines the similarities between the functioning of the organization and the human body, identifies adaptive biological characteristics that are also manifested at the level of the social structure. The aim of the work is to complement the organic understanding of the essence of organizations with the neurophysiological effects of biological systems. Adaptive phenomena of a biological order at the cellular level and manifestations of similar ones at the organizational level are described. The hypothesis of the existence of casual connections between the abilities of the strategic flexibility of the organization to the challenges of the external environment and the adaptive properties of the neurophysiological nature, which is characteristic of biological objects, is presented. The research uses general scientific methods such as analysis, synthesis, comparison, juxtaposition, extrapolation, as well as socio-economic, historical, biological and neurophysiological approaches. A new understanding of the adaptive properties of an organization in conditions of uncertainty of the external environment, its rapid variability from the point of view of neurophysiology is presented. Cellular effects such as spillover, internalization of receptors and representative drift of neurons, which are manifested at the enterprise at the social and organizational level, are described. Organizational projections of neurophysiological effects at the social and organizational level on the dissemination of information, knowledge, optimization of organizational structures, continuous updating, rotation and change of structural units involved in the adaptation process are presented. The effects correspond to the immanent properties of the organization, such as emergence, ingressiveness and egressiveness. The updated thesaurus and semantics of general and strategic management are presented when considering the organization from the point of view of the organizational approach. The effectiveness of the adaptive capabilities of the organization’s management in carrying out measures to reduce the harmful effects of the external environment on the mechanism of sustainable functioning is shown.

Over the past three decades, the world scientific literature has seen a significant increase in the number of publications devoted to bibliometric analysis and mapping of bibliographic data on research in all sciences, including economics and management. A study of these works shows that they place emphasis on the analysis of publication activity and lexical and terminological analysis with an emphasis on authorship, sources, citations, etc. At the same time, it is difficult to find the attempts of searching for new research directions at the intersections of subject classification categories. This prompted the authors of the article to develop and repeatedly test a general methodology for system-innovative bibliometric analysis and mapping of scientific literature (SIBAMSL), for which there exist a reasoned subject classifications and a developed electronic database of sources. This article, based on the “from simple to complex” principle, describes the general scheme of this methodology and shows options for its application. We provide three versions of the JEL classification for 1886–1920 and version based on the ASJC classification and data from the Scopus system elaborated by Elsevier. The mapping capabilities are illustrated using examples of tables that show interdisciplinary relationships between publications and the construction of frequency cluster tables and maps of relationships between terms from titles and abstracts of publications in subject categories using the VOSviewer software. The paper describes briefly the long-term experience of applying the created methods and the results obtained in higher education and scientific economic research. An important point is to detail the problems with different types of publications and databases, which increase the uncertainty of the results of bibliometric analysis. We see the main result in the development of ideas of V.V. Leontiev concerning the construction of dynamic tables reflecting the links of between scientific subject categories according to leading databases of scientific publications. They give new possibilities for assessing new research directions in economics and other sciences.