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Vol 20, No 2 (2020)

MACROECONOMIC ANALYSIS: METHODS AND RESULTS

5-23 246
Abstract

The article gives a brief overview of key state legal, regulatory and forecast documents related to government regulation of production and the Russian manufacturing market developed and adopted in the second decade of this century. On the example of the implementation of government measures aimed at improving the structure of industrial production and solving the problems of staffing the functioning of manufacturing industries, unresolved problems in these areas of state regulation that persist at the end of the second decade are shown. Examples of foreign experience and some recommendations in the field of state regulation of the country's industrial development are given. It is shown that for radical investment growth, it is necessary to first of all solve structural problems in the economy, implement measures aimed at improving the business climate, developing competition and reducing the share of the public sector and stimulating consumer demand to intensify the investment activities of private business in the field of manufacturing. In order to accurately and reasonably assess the impact of government measures on the development of manufacturing in the country, it is necessary to develop a methodology for assessing the regulatory impact (ODS) in the direction of methods for assessing the impact of government decisions on the activation of innovation and the use of progressive technologies "Industry 4.0."

24-49 148
Abstract

The research topic is the increasing process of electricity generation based on renewable energy sources (RES) in the Russian Federation and its regions. This paper aims to develop a methodology for modeling new RES technologies in the initial period of their dissemination. Its application allows to estimate the scale of energy generation in the regions fr om the standpoint of national economy efficiency. The research methodology includes the application of parametric analysis in the framework of interregional input-output model of optimization with detailed energy sector. Its essence is to increase step by step the cost of a new RES technology in the competitive environment of traditional technologies until it leaves the optimal plan. The parametric process involves finding the threshold values of the RES technology cost in the region, passing by which the technology changes its intensity (efficiency) dramatically. A comparative retrospective analysis of RES technologies spreading in the country and regions is carried out. It is shown the importance of taking into account the installed capacity utilization factor when modeling technologies. Formal procedures for embedding it in energy technologies of the model are described. The trajectories of integrated effects fr om spreading of renewable energy technologies, obtained as a result of parametric analysis, can be ranked by region and used for selective investment policy on the part of the state. It should be aimed at supporting the development of energy on RES primarily in those regions wh ere the maximum integral effect is obtained

50-67 181
Abstract

The article describes one of the possible methods for a generalized assessment of the state of the service sector in the regions, based on the use of the principal component method. For calculations, a matrix was formed that included indicators characterizing the state or level of development of the service sector in the country's regions from 2005 to 2018. Based on the results of the component analysis, 7 main components were identified whose statistical indicators for the highest factor loads allowed them to be correctly interpreted into generalized indicators. According to the normalized values of these indicators, five groups of regions from regions with low to regions with a high level of development of the service sector were identified according to a certain rule. The calculations made it possible to draw a conclusion about the average level of development of the service sector as a whole throughout the country on a Russian scale. The place and level of development of services in the Altai Territory is described in detail.

MICROECONOMIC ANALYSIS: METHODS AND RESULTS

68-83 155
Abstract

This paper study problem of the efficiency of management of intellectual property (IP) of research institutes and universities, proposes criteria and method of an assessment of the patent strength. The basic patent index and the average strength of patents were calculated for the institutes of SB RAS, Novosibirsk State University (NSU), Indian Institutes of Technology Delhi, and PJSC “Sibur Holding”. The results showed that the IP of institutes and NSU has a low level of protection, which explains its low demand in the market. The average strength of patents and the basic patent index are the indicators that can be recommended for inclusion into the reporting indices of the efficiency of management of IP of research institutes and universities.

REGIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL ECONOMICS

84-103 203
Abstract

Since the beginning of the XXI century, an increase in the number of new regional trade agreements has been recorded. At the same time, their quality content is changing significantly, which has led to the emergence of mega-regional trade agreements (MRTА). This process is particularly active in the fast-growing Asia-Pacific region (APR), where initiatives for the creation of the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP), The Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP), the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) and the Free Trade Area of Asia-Pacific (FTAAP) have emerged during this period. However, it is still difficult to assess their effectiveness in terms of obtaining potential positive economic results. The article's aim is to assess integration potential of APR MRTA within two stages. At the first stage, methods of econometric analysis were used to determine the economic proximity of their participants. At the second stage, a gravitational model of foreign trade was constructed to assess all trade barriers (tariff, non-tariff, etc.) within the group of integrating countries. Based on the results of integration potential assessment, the author defines the most promising existing multilateral integration associations in the Asia-Pacific region, as well as a hypothetical group of countries in the region, which will receive the greatest trade and economic effects as a result of integration under the assumptions adopted in the study. In addition, an approach to assessing the integration potential and determining the optimal composition of the countries participating in MRTA based on the criteria of proximity of their economic development levels and the size of trade barriers within the group is proposed, methodically justified and implemented.

104-118 107
Abstract

The article on the basis of the method of structural shifts analyzed the dynamics and structural transformations of employment and production of gross value added (GVA) in the Kemerovo region - Kuzbass. The authors attempted a quantitative analysis of the contribution of structural factors to economic dynamics, as well as an assessment of trends in diversification of region production. The basis for the calculations was compiled by state statistics for 2007-2018. It was shown that during this period regional employment dynamics were determined mainly by regional factors, whose contribution to the growth of this indicator turned out to be negative. In turn, the dynamics of GVA production was due to a complex of national trends and regional factors, whose influence was multi-directional (the positive effect of macroeconomic conditions and the negative contribution of the regional component). The contribution of structural shifts to the growth of the GVA was negative and insignificant, and the reduction in the number of employees in Kuzbass took place with an almost unchanged structure. To date, in the Kemerovo region, using a diversification mechanism, it has not been possible to create an economy structure resistant to internal and external shocks: coal mining remains the fundamental basis of the region's economy. All this gives reason to state that the structure of the economy that was formed in Soviet times, and the features "inherited" by it since then, continue to determine the dynamics of the development of Kuzbass and serve as a strategic challenge for the region.

MANAGEMENT

119-133 120
Abstract

The theme of the study is to identify the meaning of the terms that used in the name of the intersubjective management theory, which can be interpreted in different ways. At the stage of the formation of innovative approaches to management, multiple interpretations and discrepancies in understanding the basic principles of the theory can have a negative value. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to reduce the ambiguity of the interpretation of the terms used, starting with the name of the new approach itself. The applied theoretical and empirical methods include analysis, synthesis, comparison, generalization, formalization, induction, deduction, analogy, problem statement, and literature research. The obtained results consist of the fact that for the first time an analysis and comparison of the definitions of the basic concepts included in the name of the theory of intersubjective management and presented in the scientific literature and dictionaries are carried out. On the basis of existing concepts, new definitions are given and new meaning is presented, embedded in the name by the author of the theory and shared by  followers. The stated concept will help to understand the meaning of key terms for researchers (for the further development of the theory) and actors (for practical application).

134-148 497
Abstract

Rapid development and introduction of digital technologies has a significant impact on all areas of the economy. Everywhere causing a revision of existing paradigms, ways of interacting systems and aspects of business models. The author’s analysis of scientific publications shows that the recent financial crises are based on high risks of the traditional banking model, which are transferred to depositors and taxpayers. These processes have served as a driver for changes in the financial sector, changing existing concepts and paradigms towards the implementation of new digital approaches. The author, based on the analysis of the impact of technology on financial services, proposed the concept  of Finance 4.0 implies a deep integration of digital technologies in the financial sector, which will lead to an increase in the quality and availability of services, as well as the formation of new rules that ensure healthy competition between market participants. As a result, the need for changes in both the economy as a whole and its branches is determined. This creates a need to develop current digital business models and
methods for developing digital financial services. The purpose of the work is to offer a reasonable definition of Finance 4.0, as well as to identify the current requirements necessary for the implementation of the developed solutions within the financial environment. Which requires solving a number of research problems: 1. No definition of Finance 4.0. 2. Aspects of Finance 4.0 Are not defined. 3. It is Necessary to define the role of business models in the field of financial technologies. The relevance of the research is due to the fact that existing approaches to designing business models of financial services do not take into account the specifics of the idea of Finance 4.0 and the primacy of trust,  which sometimes leads to the implementation of unprofitable solutions in the financial sector.

METHODOLOGY AND METHODS OF SOCIOLOGICAL RESEARCH

149-177 122
Abstract

The article considers the professional interests of schoolchildren in the Arctic regions in comparison with the demand of the labor market and leading employers. The study of professional preferences of schoolchildren in the face of a staff shortage of the economy of the Arctic regions and the increased interest in the development of these territories is relevant. It is youth that forms the basis for the timely reproduction of human capital. The purpose of the study is to identify professional plans of schoolchildren in the Arctic regions and to compare plans with the needs of the labor market and employers of the regions. The empirical basis of the study is official statistics (data from Rostrud for 2018), a survey of leading employers and students in grades 8–10 of the Arctic regions. The originality of the study lies in comparing tripartite interests – the labor market, employers and schoolchildren as potential professionals who build a career
path. The entire array of professions obtained is compared on the basis of structural analysis. According to vacancies, requests of employers and preferences of schoolchildren, there is an intersection in certain professions. Details of professions by educational level showed inconsistency: for va cancies and employers, workers with secondary vocational education are in demand, but schoolchildren are more oriented toward higher education; the professional groups of engineering, technical and social professions also revealed a discrepancy. These results are useful for authorities, the scientific and pedagogical community in the formation of mechanisms for securing future young specialists in the Arctic regions.

178-196 396
Abstract

Smart city technologies are designed to make human life easier and more comfortable. However, in reality, there haven’t yet been developed unambiguous criteria for measuring the effectiveness of smart city initiatives. This means that the city residents’ needs fade into the background. Therefore, the aim of the study is to identify the main problems and contradictions that impede the introduction and dissemination of smart city technologies in existing Russian cities. This article uses such techniques as expert interviews (with municipal representative, IT businessman, sociologist, economist and urban researcher) as well as semi-formalized interviews with residents of Novosibirsk. The study describes key measurements of the smart city effectiveness (Physical environment, Society, Government, Technology & Data) and examines in detail two of them: Society and Government. The research also indicates the main problems and obstacles to the effective implementation of the smart city program for each of these dimensions. The study has scientific importance, as it describes the contradictions between government and society when trying to introduce smart technologies. Also the results of the study may help IT companies to pay attention on people’s needs when developing and promoting smart applications and services. 



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ISSN 2542-0429 (Print)
ISSN 2658-5375 (Online)