woeamМир экономики и управленияWorld of Economics and Management2542-04292658-5375Новосибирский национальный исследовательский государственный университет10.25205/2542-0429-2023-23-2-108-125woeam-662Research ArticleРЕГИОНАЛЬНАЯ ЭКОНОМИКАREGIONAL ECONOMICSРиски умного городаRisks of the Smart City Concepthttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3103-1382КостинаЕ. А.KostinaE.

Костина Елена Алексеевна, младший научный сотрудник

Scopus AuthorID: 57892887800

Новосибирск

Elena A. Kostina, junior researcher 

Scopus AuthorID: 57892887800

ovs.elena@gmail.comИнститута экономики и организации промышленного производства СО РАНРоссияInstitute of Economics and Industrial Engineering SB RASRussian Federation202320062023232108125Copyright © Костина Е.А., 20232023Костина Е.А.Kostina E.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://woeam.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/662

Одним из направлений городского развития в настоящий момент является концепция умного города. Применение современных информационно-коммуникационных технологий в городской среде позволяет повысить комфортность жизни, эффективность управления городским пространством, приводит к устойчивому развитию и рациональному потреблению ресурсов. Однако, как и у других подходов, существует ряд рисков, связанных с ускоренным и масштабным внедрением современных технологий и неготовностью общества к их восприятию. Цифровизация не должна быть самоцелью, необходим комплексный подход к решению задач. Данная работа посвящена исследованию рисков, связанных с внедрением на практике положений концепции умного города. Среди рисков были выделены технологические (отсутствие или несовершенство отечественных технологических решений в данной сфере, угрозы кибербезопасности: риски нестабильности системы и утечек данных), экономические (низкая эффективность внедряемых инноваций, рост цифрового неравенства), управленческие (неготовность властей техническая и психологическая, потеря городской аутентичности), институциональные (отставание законодательства от практики применения современных технологий, наличие конфликта интересов между общественными и частными коммерческими интересами), связанные с человеческим капиталом (неготовность населения к использованию технологий, риск технократического подхода к внедрению концепции) и экологические. Несмотря на то что в литературе больше внимания уделено технологическим рискам умного города, также важны прочие риски (экономические, управленческие и т. д.). Данные риски тесно связаны между собой и оказывают существенное влияние на процесс цифровой трансформации городской среды, могут замедлить его или снизить эффективность. Поэтому необходимо учитывать их при планировании внедрения и развития умного города.

The concept of smart city is one of the most popular directions of urban development nowadays. The use of modern information and communication technologies in the urban environment improves the comfort of life, the efficiency of urban space management, leads to sustainable development and rational consumption of resources. However, like other approaches, there are risks associated with the accelerated and large-scale introduction of modern technologies and the unpreparedness of society to accept them. Digitalization should not the aim, government should use an integrated approach. This work is devoted to the study of the risks of introducing the concept of a smart city. There are technological  risks (absence or imperfection of domestic technological solutions in this area, cybersecurity threats: risks of system instability and data leaks), economic (low efficiency of implemented innovations, growing digital divide), managerial (technical and psychological unpreparedness of the authorities, loss of urban authenticity ), institutional (legislation behind the practice of applying modern technologies, the presence of a conflict of interest between public and private commercial interests), related to human capital (unpreparedness of the population to use technology, the risk of a technocratic approach to the implementation of the concept) and environmental risks. Although the literature has given more attention to the technological risks of a smart city, other risks (like economic, managerial, etc.) are also important. These risks are closely related and have a significant impact on the process of digital transformation of the urban environment, which may slow it down or reduce its effectiveness. Therefore, it is necessary to take them into account when planning the implementation and development of a smart city.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.